Research and Statistics

HYPOTHESIS A conjecture is a formal tentative statement of the evaluate sexual intercourseship between twain or more than(prenominal) variables under study. Definition A conjecture is an assumption statement almost the birth between two or more variables that suggest an answer to the look for apparent motion. OR Good &038 Hatt define guessing as shrewd guess or inference that is formulated and provisionally adoptive to explain observed facts or conditions and to turn tail in further investigation. Importance ? guess enables the look intoer to objectively investigate tonic atomic number 18as of discovery. speculation generates objectivity to the seek activity. ? It withal provides guidance to conduct search such(prenominal) as defining the sources and relevance of entropy. ? possible action provides clear and specific goals to the detectives. ? Hypothesis provide link between theories and actual hardheaded look for. ? It provides a bridge between theory and reality. ? A system suggests which type of research is likely to be most appropriate. ? As it is tentative statement of anticipated results. ? It stimulating the thinking process of researcher as the researcher forms the guessing by anticipating outcome. It excessively determines the most appropriate research designs and techniques of data analysis. ? Hypothesis provides understanding to the researchers about what to remove from the results of the research study. ? It serves as a poser for drawing conclusions of a research study. ? Without surmise, research would be like aimless wandering. Characteristics of a total hypothesis The main characteristics of a good hypothesis as follows ? abstract clarity Hypothesis should consist of intelligibly defined and understandable concepts. Hypothesis stern be stated in indicatory statement, in present tense. Empirical referents A good hypothesis moldiness involve data-based basis from the area of enquiry. ? objectiveness Hypoth esis must be objective, which urge on objectivity in data collection. ? Specificity It should be specific, not general, and should explain the expect relation between variables. ? Relevant The hypothesis should be relevant to the line of work being examine as well as the objectives of the study. ? Testability Hypothesis should be testable and should not be a moral judgement. ? Consistency A hypothesis should be consistent with an existing automobile trunk of theories, research findings, and other hypothesis. Simplicity A hypothesis should be formulated in simple and understandable terms. ? Availability of techniques The researcher must make sure that methods are available for exam their proposed hypothesis. ? Purposiveness The researcher must formulate hardly purposeful hypothesis. ? Verifiability A good hypothesis shag be actually verified in possible terms. ? Profundity of prepare A good research should have profound effect upon a variety of research variables. ? stinting The expenditure of money and the time can be controlled if the hypothesis underlying the research undertaken is good. Sources of hypothesisHypothesis in research study cannot veritable merely with wild guesses or assumptions , save they are generated from variety if sources such as theoretical or abstract Frameworks, old research findings,real vitality experiences and academic books. ? hypothetic or conceptual frameworks the most primary(prenominal) sources of hypothesis are theoretical or conceptual framework developed for the study. done a deductive approach these hypothesis are drawn from theoretical and conceptual framework for testing them. ? Previous research findings of the previous research studies may be used for framing the hypothesis for some other study. real life experiences real life experiences also contribute in the aspect of hypothesis for research studies. ? Academic literature it is based on formal theories, empirical evidences, experiences, observati on and conceptualization of academicians. TYPES OF HYPOTHESIS naive an complex hypothesis Simple It is a statement which reflects the family between two variables Complex It is a statement which reflects the blood between more than two variables. associative and causal hypothesis Associative It reflects the family relationship between variables that occur or exists in natural settings without manipulation.Causal it predicts the cause and effect relationship between two or more dependent and independent variables in experimental or interventional. Directional and non directional hypothesis Directional hypothesis It specifies not only the existence, but also the expected direction of the relationship between variables. Non directional hypothesis It reflects the relationship between two or more variables, but it does not contract the anticipated direction and nature of relationship such as positive or negative.Null and research hypothesis Null hypothesis (H0)It is also known as st atistical hypothesis and is used for statistical testing and interpretations of statistical outcome. Research hypothesis(H1) It states the existence of relationship between two or more variables. Conclusion The formulation of hypothesis plays an serious part in the growth of friendship in every science. Hypothesis converts the question posed by the research problem into a declarative statement that predicts an expected outcome. Bibliography pic